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Association of Incident Gout and Mortality in Dialysis Patients

Scott D. Cohen^*, Paul L. Kimmel^*, Robert Neff^,, Lawrence Agodoa and Kevin C. Abbott^,

^* Division of Renal Diseases, Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical Center, and Nephrology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

Correspondence: Dr. Kevin C. Abbott, Nephrology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001. Phone: 202-782-6462/6463/6288; Fax: 202-782-0185; E-mail: kevin.abbott{at}amedd.army.mil

Received for publication November 28, 2007. Accepted for publication April 8, 2008.

Previous studies have shown that gout is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular mortality in the general population, but this has not been well studied in patients with ESRD. In this study, the incidence of gout and its association with mortality was evaluated in 259,209 patients in the United States Renal Data System. Overall, the incidence of gout in the first year of dialysis was 5% and in the first 5 yr was 15.4%. Independent risk factors for gout in adjusted analyses included black race, older age, female gender, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, and alcohol use. Factors associated with a lower risk for gout included a history of diabetes, smoking, and peripheral vascular disease. Time-dependent Cox regression analysis suggested that an episode of gout was independently associated with a 1.5-fold increase in mortality risk (adjusted hazard ratio 1.49; 95% confidence interval 1.43 to 1.55). The mechanisms underlying this association require further study.

Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Nephrology. Online ISSN: 1533-3450 Print ISSN: 1046-6673