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HPLC-Detected Albuminuria Predicts Mortality

Dianna J. Magliano^*,, Kevan R. Polkinghorne, Elizabeth L.M. Barr^*, Qing Su, Steven J. Chadban^||, Paul Z. Zimmet^*,, Jonathan E. Shaw^*, and Robert C. Atkins^*,

^* International Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Diabetes Complications, Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; ^|| Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Correspondence: Dr. Dianna J. Magliano, International Diabetes Institute, 250 Kooyong Road, Caulfield, Victoria, 3162, Australia. Phone: 61-3-9258-5931; Fax: 61-3-9258-5090; E-mail: dmagliano{at}idi.org.au

Received for publication March 24, 2007. Accepted for publication July 24, 2007.

Albuminuria is a risk factor for all-cause mortality. Urinary albumin is traditionally measured with an immunochemical method such as immunonephelometry (IN). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detects additional albumin that is missed by IN, but it is unknown if HPLC-detected albuminuria also predicts mortality in the general population. We measured urinary albumin at baseline with both IN and HPLC in 10,175 participants in the longitudinal Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study. Over 5.2 yr of follow-up, 319 participants died. In a Cox proportional hazards regression model, participants with albuminuria measured by IN or HPLC were approximately twice as likely to die as participants who were normoalbuminuric on both assays. Receiver-operator characteristic curve analyses suggest that each test has a similar ability to predict mortality. However, the HPLC assay provided information on mortality risk that the IN assay did not capture. We conclude that albuminuria, detected by either IN or HPLC, independently predicts mortality in a community-based sample. HPLC identifies some people at increased risk of mortality that IN would not detect.

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